https://www.pag.org.mx/index.php/PAG/issue/feed 2025-08-02T21:40:52+00:00 Francisco Santillán Campos pag@cenid.org.mx Open Journal Systems <p>The Ibero-American Journal of Academic Production and Educational Management is a multidisciplinary academic journal, publishes original articles for dissemination, dissemination and scientific essays. In addition, the journal aims to be a platform for the dissemination of relevant editorial news. Articles will have to be written for an audience broad, beyond the academic field, with preparation equivalent to or higher than that of the baccalaureate</p> <p>The natural public of PAG is, due to its multidisciplinary and outreach vocation, the university community -and the general public- that is interested in the effects and influence of research and educational development in the Ibero-American space on people, organizations and society in general.</p> <p>PAG is a biannual magazine. However, the contents of each issue are not necessarily published all at once, but may appear periodically over six months, until the issue is closed. This system makes it possible to significantly speed up the publication time of the magazine's contents, without the need to wait for the entire issue to be edited.</p> https://www.pag.org.mx/index.php/PAG/article/view/939 2025-08-02T21:40:52+00:00 María Emelina Santiago García esantiago@uma.es

<p>Learning a second language is a complex process that involves a series of challenges, especially when transitioning from an indigenous language to Spanish. There are numerous factors that limit educational processes and diminish the knowledge acquired by students in indigenous communities. Low learning outcomes are often attributed to a lack of intellectual capacity; however, in the majority of cases, these challenges stem from a limited comprehension of instructions, either due to language barriers or insufficient prior knowledge aligned with the academic expectations of the preceding grade level.</p> <p>This paper examines some of the main barriers and hurdles that students face when learning Spanish as a second language alongside formal education. It draws on prior research and includes a year-long collection of experiences from students and teachers in the <em>tsotsil</em> community of Lázaro Cárdenas, Chilil, Huixtán, Chiapas.</p>

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